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	<title>Observer &#187; Jody Rosen</title>
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		<title>Observer &#187; Jody Rosen</title>
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		<title>The Great Plagiarizer of the 21st Century, The Bulletin, Is Dead</title>

		<comments>http://observer.com/2008/08/the-great-plagiarizer-of-the-21st-century-ithe-bulletini-is-dead/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 08 Aug 2008 21:04:17 -0400</pubDate>
					<link>http://observer.com/2008/08/the-great-plagiarizer-of-the-21st-century-ithe-bulletini-is-dead/</link>
			<dc:creator>John Koblin</dc:creator>
				
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		<description><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignleft" src="http://nyoobserver.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/bulletin080808.jpg" />And it appears <em>The Bulletin</em>, the alt-weekly newspaper in Montgomery County in Texas that <a href="/2008/media/conason-blumenthal-jody-rosen-theyve-all-been-plagiarized-bulletin">repeatedly repurposed</a> other publications' works, is apparently no more. </p>
<p>The paper's publisher, Mike Ladyman, tells <em>The Houston Press</em>' Hair Balls <a href="http://blogs.houstonpress.com/hairballs/2008/08/montgomery_county_plagiarism.php">blog</a>: “It’s dead right now. I’m not bringing out another issue. I’ll just close it up.” </p>
]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignleft" src="http://nyoobserver.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/bulletin080808.jpg" />And it appears <em>The Bulletin</em>, the alt-weekly newspaper in Montgomery County in Texas that <a href="/2008/media/conason-blumenthal-jody-rosen-theyve-all-been-plagiarized-bulletin">repeatedly repurposed</a> other publications' works, is apparently no more. </p>
<p>The paper's publisher, Mike Ladyman, tells <em>The Houston Press</em>' Hair Balls <a href="http://blogs.houstonpress.com/hairballs/2008/08/montgomery_county_plagiarism.php">blog</a>: “It’s dead right now. I’m not bringing out another issue. I’ll just close it up.” </p>
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			<media:title type="html">jhanasobserver</media:title>
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		<title>Slate&#8217;s Plagiarism Accusations Followed by Alt-Weekly&#8217;s Web Site Shut Down</title>

		<comments>http://observer.com/2008/08/slates-plagiarism-accusations-followed-by-altweeklys-web-site-shut-down/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 07 Aug 2008 14:26:23 -0400</pubDate>
					<link>http://observer.com/2008/08/slates-plagiarism-accusations-followed-by-altweeklys-web-site-shut-down/</link>
			<dc:creator>Matt Haber</dc:creator>
				
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		<description><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignleft" src="http://nyoobserver.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/bulletin080708.jpg?w=300&h=255" />Yesterday Media Mob (and just about every other English language media and journalism Web site) <a href="/2008/media/conason-blumenthal-jody-rosen-theyve-all-been-plagiarized-bulletin">wrote</a> about Slate critic Jody Rosen's investigation into The Montgomery County <em>Bulletin</em>'s egregious and repeated plagiarism of his and other journalists' works for their small-circulation alt-weekly.</p>
<p>Today, <em>The Bulletin</em> is no more. At least on the Web, where the paper's site has been stripped down to a simple <a href="http://www.thebulletin.com/">directory of files</a>. Coincidence? Probably not. Then again, it might also just be the world's worst site redesign.</p>
]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignleft" src="http://nyoobserver.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/bulletin080708.jpg?w=300&h=255" />Yesterday Media Mob (and just about every other English language media and journalism Web site) <a href="/2008/media/conason-blumenthal-jody-rosen-theyve-all-been-plagiarized-bulletin">wrote</a> about Slate critic Jody Rosen's investigation into The Montgomery County <em>Bulletin</em>'s egregious and repeated plagiarism of his and other journalists' works for their small-circulation alt-weekly.</p>
<p>Today, <em>The Bulletin</em> is no more. At least on the Web, where the paper's site has been stripped down to a simple <a href="http://www.thebulletin.com/">directory of files</a>. Coincidence? Probably not. Then again, it might also just be the world's worst site redesign.</p>
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		<title>Conason! Blumenthal! Jody Rosen! They&#8217;ve All Been Plagiarized by The Bulletin</title>

		<comments>http://observer.com/2008/08/conason-blumenthal-jody-rosen-theyve-all-been-plagiarized-by-ithe-bulletini/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Aug 2008 20:50:04 -0400</pubDate>
					<link>http://observer.com/2008/08/conason-blumenthal-jody-rosen-theyve-all-been-plagiarized-by-ithe-bulletini/</link>
			<dc:creator>John Koblin</dc:creator>
				
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		<description><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignleft" src="http://nyoobserver.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/bulletin080608.jpg?w=300&h=70" />The Slate music critic Jody Rosen <a href="http://www.slate.com/id/2196810/pagenum/all/">has a simple question</a>: &quot;In purely statistical terms, do the articles in the Montgomery County <em>Bulletin</em> amount to the greatest plagiarism scandal in the annals of American journalism?&quot; </p>
<p>You might ask: <em>The Bulletin</em>? What's that? Also, why is Jody Rosen participating in media reporting?</p>
<p>Well, the story begins like this: Mr. Rosen was tipped a few weeks ago by a reader that a Jimmy Buffett <a href="http://www.slate.com/id/2156928/">profile</a> he wrote in 2007 had been copied and repurposed under a different byline for an alt-weekly in Texas called the <em>Bulletin</em> earlier this year. Mr. Rosen had never heard of it, but after a little research, he discovered why. The <em>Bulletin</em>'s circulation is 20,000 and it has a sad little <a href="http://www.thebulletin.com/index.htm">Web site</a>. After a little more foot work, which he's documented in an exhaustively-researched and <a href="http://www.slate.com/id/2196810/pagenum/all/#page_start">very amusing read</a> for Slate, Mr. Rosen realized he wasn't the only writer who unwittingly did some freelance work for The <em>Bulletin.</em></p>
<p>Per Mr. Rosen: </p>
<div class="oldbq">
<p>Whereupon I returned to surfing the <em>Bulletin</em> site, digging deeper into the newspaper's archives—and turning up dozens more suspect articles. Like many alt weeklies, the paper's bread-and-butter is politics, and from the spring of 2005 on, its political op-eds comprise an apparently unbroken sequence of pilfered prose. The <em>Bulletin</em>'s archives reveal a strong preference for the online magazine <em>Salon</em>—in particular, the punditry of Joe Conason and Sidney Blumenthal. Compiling a complete annotated list of articles would require the services of a half-dozen unpaid interns, so a few examples will have to suffice. Compare:</p>
<ul>
<li>Conason's '<a href="http://dir.salon.com/story/opinion/conason/2005/12/03/iraq_plans/index.html" target="_blank">The Only Way Out</a>,' <em>Salon</em>, Dec. 3, 2005, and the<em> Bulletin</em>'s '<a href="http://www.thebulletin.com/archives/2005/december/bullpen1209.htm" target="_blank">We Can Work It Out</a>,' Dec. 9, 2005 </li>
<li>Conason's '<a href="http://www.salon.com/opinion/conason/2007/02/09/united_states_attorneys/index.html" target="_blank">Alberto Gonzales' Coup D'Etat</a>,' <em>Salon</em>, Feb. 9, 2007, and the<em> Bulletin</em>'s '<a href="http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:jpz-6GArxo4J:www.thebulletin.com/archives/2007/february/bullpen0216.htm+bulletin+archives+2007+february+bullpen0216&amp;hl=en&amp;ct=clnk&amp;cd=1&amp;gl=us&amp;client=safari" target="_blank">Let's Just Burn the Constitution</a>,' Feb. 16, 2007 </li>
<li>Blumenthal's '<a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2005/aug/05/july7.usa" target="_blank">Above the Rule of Law</a>,'<em> </em>the<em> Guardian</em>, Aug. 5, 2005, and the<em> Bulletin</em>'s '<a href="http://www.thebulletin.com/archives/2007/february/bullpen0216.htm" target="_blank">Bush's Dirty War</a>,' Aug. 12, 2005 </li>
<li>Blumenthal's '<a href="http://dir.salon.com/story/opinion/feature/2005/11/17/bush_history/index.html" target="_blank">Bush's Betrayal of History</a>,' <em>Salon</em>, Nov. 17, 2005, and the<em> Bulletin</em>'s '<a href="http://www.thebulletin.com/archives/2005/november/bullpen1125.htm" target="_blank">Truth Is for Traitors</a>,' Nov. 25, 2005</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>This is actually only the tip of the iceberg. After a while, it became a little all too crazy for Mr. Rosen: &quot;At times over the last month, I've doubted that the<em> Bulletin</em> actually exists. A tiny newspaper from the Houston suburbs, filled week after week with bowdlerized Joe Conason columns and record reviews airlifted from the pages of <em><strong>Slate</strong></em>? It seemed preposterous, and the longer I spent squinting into the <a href="http://www.thebulletin.com/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #0066cc">mustard-and-magenta glow</span></a> of the <em>Bulletin</em>'s Web 0.0-quality Internet site, the more I began to suspect that I was the dupe of a conceptual art prank, a cheeky Borgesian commentary on the slipperiness of language and authorship. Or something.&quot;</p>
<p>Mr. Rosen concludes that the paper has nothing original other than their local listings. After a few conversations with the <em>Bulletin</em>'s publisher, Mr. Rosen hasn't been able to get him back on the phone, or been able to reach the paper's editor or their music critic, Mark Williams—the byline that's been used for Mr. Rosen's own writing. Media Mob tried as well, and well, no one picked up.</p>
<p>But hey, maybe The<em> Bulletin</em> understands something none of us do: The future of journalism. As Mr. Rosen writes:</p>
<div class="oldbq">
<p>[P]erhaps the <em>Bulletin</em> is merely on-trend—or even ahead of its time. The <a href="http://www.drudgereport.com/" target="_blank">Drudge Report</a>, the <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/" target="_blank">Huffington Post</a>, and <a href="http://www.realclearpolitics.com/" target="_blank">Real Clear Politics</a> have made names and money by sifting through RSS feeds; Tina Brown and Barry Diller are <a href="http://www.radaronline.com/exclusives/2008/04/tina-brown-to-partner-with-barry-diller-on-news-aggregation.php" target="_blank">preparing the launch of their own news aggregator</a>. [<em>Bulletin</em> pubisher] Mike Ladyman and company may simply be bringing guerilla-style 21<sup>st</sup>-century content aggregation to 20<sup>th</sup>-century print media: publishing the Napster of newspapers.</p>
</div>
<p>If you miss Mr. Rosen's piece in Slate, you can probably check it out in an upcoming edition of the<em> Bulletin</em>. </p>
]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignleft" src="http://nyoobserver.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/bulletin080608.jpg?w=300&h=70" />The Slate music critic Jody Rosen <a href="http://www.slate.com/id/2196810/pagenum/all/">has a simple question</a>: &quot;In purely statistical terms, do the articles in the Montgomery County <em>Bulletin</em> amount to the greatest plagiarism scandal in the annals of American journalism?&quot; </p>
<p>You might ask: <em>The Bulletin</em>? What's that? Also, why is Jody Rosen participating in media reporting?</p>
<p>Well, the story begins like this: Mr. Rosen was tipped a few weeks ago by a reader that a Jimmy Buffett <a href="http://www.slate.com/id/2156928/">profile</a> he wrote in 2007 had been copied and repurposed under a different byline for an alt-weekly in Texas called the <em>Bulletin</em> earlier this year. Mr. Rosen had never heard of it, but after a little research, he discovered why. The <em>Bulletin</em>'s circulation is 20,000 and it has a sad little <a href="http://www.thebulletin.com/index.htm">Web site</a>. After a little more foot work, which he's documented in an exhaustively-researched and <a href="http://www.slate.com/id/2196810/pagenum/all/#page_start">very amusing read</a> for Slate, Mr. Rosen realized he wasn't the only writer who unwittingly did some freelance work for The <em>Bulletin.</em></p>
<p>Per Mr. Rosen: </p>
<div class="oldbq">
<p>Whereupon I returned to surfing the <em>Bulletin</em> site, digging deeper into the newspaper's archives—and turning up dozens more suspect articles. Like many alt weeklies, the paper's bread-and-butter is politics, and from the spring of 2005 on, its political op-eds comprise an apparently unbroken sequence of pilfered prose. The <em>Bulletin</em>'s archives reveal a strong preference for the online magazine <em>Salon</em>—in particular, the punditry of Joe Conason and Sidney Blumenthal. Compiling a complete annotated list of articles would require the services of a half-dozen unpaid interns, so a few examples will have to suffice. Compare:</p>
<ul>
<li>Conason's '<a href="http://dir.salon.com/story/opinion/conason/2005/12/03/iraq_plans/index.html" target="_blank">The Only Way Out</a>,' <em>Salon</em>, Dec. 3, 2005, and the<em> Bulletin</em>'s '<a href="http://www.thebulletin.com/archives/2005/december/bullpen1209.htm" target="_blank">We Can Work It Out</a>,' Dec. 9, 2005 </li>
<li>Conason's '<a href="http://www.salon.com/opinion/conason/2007/02/09/united_states_attorneys/index.html" target="_blank">Alberto Gonzales' Coup D'Etat</a>,' <em>Salon</em>, Feb. 9, 2007, and the<em> Bulletin</em>'s '<a href="http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:jpz-6GArxo4J:www.thebulletin.com/archives/2007/february/bullpen0216.htm+bulletin+archives+2007+february+bullpen0216&amp;hl=en&amp;ct=clnk&amp;cd=1&amp;gl=us&amp;client=safari" target="_blank">Let's Just Burn the Constitution</a>,' Feb. 16, 2007 </li>
<li>Blumenthal's '<a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2005/aug/05/july7.usa" target="_blank">Above the Rule of Law</a>,'<em> </em>the<em> Guardian</em>, Aug. 5, 2005, and the<em> Bulletin</em>'s '<a href="http://www.thebulletin.com/archives/2007/february/bullpen0216.htm" target="_blank">Bush's Dirty War</a>,' Aug. 12, 2005 </li>
<li>Blumenthal's '<a href="http://dir.salon.com/story/opinion/feature/2005/11/17/bush_history/index.html" target="_blank">Bush's Betrayal of History</a>,' <em>Salon</em>, Nov. 17, 2005, and the<em> Bulletin</em>'s '<a href="http://www.thebulletin.com/archives/2005/november/bullpen1125.htm" target="_blank">Truth Is for Traitors</a>,' Nov. 25, 2005</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>This is actually only the tip of the iceberg. After a while, it became a little all too crazy for Mr. Rosen: &quot;At times over the last month, I've doubted that the<em> Bulletin</em> actually exists. A tiny newspaper from the Houston suburbs, filled week after week with bowdlerized Joe Conason columns and record reviews airlifted from the pages of <em><strong>Slate</strong></em>? It seemed preposterous, and the longer I spent squinting into the <a href="http://www.thebulletin.com/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #0066cc">mustard-and-magenta glow</span></a> of the <em>Bulletin</em>'s Web 0.0-quality Internet site, the more I began to suspect that I was the dupe of a conceptual art prank, a cheeky Borgesian commentary on the slipperiness of language and authorship. Or something.&quot;</p>
<p>Mr. Rosen concludes that the paper has nothing original other than their local listings. After a few conversations with the <em>Bulletin</em>'s publisher, Mr. Rosen hasn't been able to get him back on the phone, or been able to reach the paper's editor or their music critic, Mark Williams—the byline that's been used for Mr. Rosen's own writing. Media Mob tried as well, and well, no one picked up.</p>
<p>But hey, maybe The<em> Bulletin</em> understands something none of us do: The future of journalism. As Mr. Rosen writes:</p>
<div class="oldbq">
<p>[P]erhaps the <em>Bulletin</em> is merely on-trend—or even ahead of its time. The <a href="http://www.drudgereport.com/" target="_blank">Drudge Report</a>, the <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/" target="_blank">Huffington Post</a>, and <a href="http://www.realclearpolitics.com/" target="_blank">Real Clear Politics</a> have made names and money by sifting through RSS feeds; Tina Brown and Barry Diller are <a href="http://www.radaronline.com/exclusives/2008/04/tina-brown-to-partner-with-barry-diller-on-news-aggregation.php" target="_blank">preparing the launch of their own news aggregator</a>. [<em>Bulletin</em> pubisher] Mike Ladyman and company may simply be bringing guerilla-style 21<sup>st</sup>-century content aggregation to 20<sup>th</sup>-century print media: publishing the Napster of newspapers.</p>
</div>
<p>If you miss Mr. Rosen's piece in Slate, you can probably check it out in an upcoming edition of the<em> Bulletin</em>. </p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>A Recipe for Instant Nostalgia Cooked Up by Irving and Bing</title>

		<comments>http://observer.com/2002/12/a-recipe-for-instant-nostalgia-cooked-up-by-irving-and-bing/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Dec 2002 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
					<link>http://observer.com/2002/12/a-recipe-for-instant-nostalgia-cooked-up-by-irving-and-bing/</link>
			<dc:creator>Robert Gottlieb</dc:creator>
				
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		<description><![CDATA[<p>White Christmas: The Story of an American Song , by Jody Rosen. Scribner, 213 pages, $24.</p>
<p>Are you dreaming of a white Christmas? If so, the odds are that it's not like the one you used to know, but like the one Irving Berlin and Bing Crosby persuaded us we used to know. I mean, I grew up here in the Northeast, where it used to snow a lot more than it does now, but I don't recall sleigh bells tinkling in the snow. Nor were there all that many glistening treetops to be seen on West 96th Street.</p>
<p> I do, however, remember the fall of 1942, when "White Christmas" was No. 1 on Your Hit Parade and pouring out of every radio and jukebox. America was a year into the war, and things weren't going well for us: Our young men were dying in the South Pacific, far from sleigh bells, and nobody's days seemed very merry or bright. The overwhelming success of this song, given its instant nostalgia for a simpler world, made total sense. But at the time, no one could have predicted its transfiguration into an American icon; apart from anything else, it was simply another predictable hit for Bing-a couple of months earlier, "Be Careful, It's My Heart" was No. 2; a couple of months later, "Moonlight Becomes You" was No. 1.</p>
<p> Today, 60 years later, "White Christmas" remains a ubiquitous annual presence (think of malls and Muzak), probably the most omnipresent song ever written, and together with Dickens' "A Christmas Carol" and Clement Moore's "A Visit from St. Nicholas" (and shopping), the foundation of our secularized Christmas. Of course, some people still go to midnight mass, listen to (or sing in) Messiah and celebrate the birth of Christ with carols-the religious impulse and the combination of sentiment and consumerism aren't necessarily mutually exclusive. But Scrooge and Santa and Irving and Bing have made it easy for others to experience Christmas without a nod to Christianity.</p>
<p> In his new book, White Christmas , Jody Rosen spends a lot of time on this secularizing of a Christian festival by a Jewish songwriter-and of the general influence that Jewish writers and Hollywood moguls have had over America's cultural consciousness. His thinking is fuzzy (though not as fuzzy as his writing), but he's accurate in this: Berlin and Gershwin and Rodgers and Louis B. Mayer and the brothers Warner preferred to see themselves as Americans rather than as Jews. (Not coincidentally, the most sympathetic 30's Hollywood movie about Jews-and a big hit-was 20th Century Fox's The House of Rothschild , made by Hollywood's only Gentile mogul, Darryl F. Zanuck.)</p>
<p> Mr. Rosen's little book is an oddity, not least because the subject can't really sustain an entire volume on its own, which is why it reads at times like a piece of inflated feature journalism. It also suffers from the author's lack of context. He is, he tells us, a product of the era of "rock and soul and hip-hop," his book "inspired by [his] curiosity about the music"-that is, about the standards that make up the so-called Great American Songbook. In other words, he was starting from scratch. The good side of this is that he approaches Berlin and Crosby and their world with naïve enthusiasm, trotting out well-known facts and stories and legends as if they were real discoveries-which they clearly are to him. He's diligently read his way through the ever-expanding literature on popular music, and he's earnestly tried to sort it all out. As a result, his book, whatever its flaws, isn't cynical-it's a product of sincere infatuation, not calculation.</p>
<p> But Mr. Rosen's lack of context constantly undermines his authority. There's a lot in here about the movies-partly because "White Christmas" first turned up in the Crosby-Astaire picture Holiday Inn . (It's set in Connecticut; Chritsmas could be white.) But Mr. Rosen knows even less about Hollywood than he does about Tin Pan Alley. I'm not talking about careless surface errors, like spelling Aaron Copland "Aaron Copeland"; everybody makes them. But when he refers to Adolph Zukor, who spent his life creating and running Paramount, as head of 20th Century Fox (Zucker was still Paramount's chairman emeritus when he died, at the age of 103, in 1976) or to Samuel Goldwyn as the "head of Paramount's rival studio M-G-M"-this is in 1942, almost 20 years after he set up his independent Samuel Goldwyn Productions-he's revealing fundamental ignorance about his subject.</p>
<p> As for his knowledge of popular music, anyone who cites Johnny Mercer, a great lyricist who tossed off half a dozen or so tunes, as one of "Tin Pan Alley's most celebrated composers" along with Cole Porter and Harold Arlen, is out of his depth. Mr. Rosen is also wrong about there being almost no Depression-era songs that reflect the Depression. And he's wrong about the songs of the classic period speaking "almost exclusively in the voice of the white middle class"-Fats Waller and Andy Razaf and, for that matter, Cole Porter would have been surprised to hear that that's whose voice they were speaking in. It's hard to trust a guide who doesn't know the basic terrain.</p>
<p> Mr. Rosen's writing is terminally over-excited: Berlin "frostily refused permission to reprint his lyrics even to friends working on fawning tributes." And: "Berlin's cranky reputation was well-known, and the legends that swirled around his final years depicted a livid, thin-skinned old man, stalking the gloomy rooms of his East Side mansion: the Hermit of Beekman Place." And: "What the songwriter scarcely realized was that the most significant development in the saga of 'White Christmas' was to take place some months later, in the spring of 1942, back in California." It's his enthusiasm that carries him away; when he settles down, he can come up with interesting material. His account of how "White Christmas" began as a specialty number for a revue, then was held back and modified until Berlin found the ideal time and place and singer for what he knew was a great song, is entertaining in itself, as well as instructive about Berlin's shrewdness. He's right to emphasize that "White Christmas" was a wartime song, yet was "no 'Over There.' It was an 'over here,' a vision of home-front serenity, of the imperiled 'American way of life' that the nation was fighting to defend." And he draws an interesting parallel between the Jewish musicians, from Al Jolson to Harold Arlen, who were the sons of cantors, and "the great church-reared African-American singers-Ray Charles, Aretha Franklin, Sam Cooke, James Brown, to name just the most illustrious-who reinvented sacred gospel music as secular soul and R&amp;B."</p>
<p> In sum, this is not a book the world really needed-it's padded out, notional and factually unsteady-but it means well, and it reflects some of the virtues of its subject: sincerity and a corny and touching simplicity. So let's wish it and its author and its publisher a very merry Christmas. And may all our own Christmases be white.</p>
<p> Robert Gottlieb is the co-editor of Reading Lyrics (Pantheon). </p>
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		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>White Christmas: The Story of an American Song , by Jody Rosen. Scribner, 213 pages, $24.</p>
<p>Are you dreaming of a white Christmas? If so, the odds are that it's not like the one you used to know, but like the one Irving Berlin and Bing Crosby persuaded us we used to know. I mean, I grew up here in the Northeast, where it used to snow a lot more than it does now, but I don't recall sleigh bells tinkling in the snow. Nor were there all that many glistening treetops to be seen on West 96th Street.</p>
<p> I do, however, remember the fall of 1942, when "White Christmas" was No. 1 on Your Hit Parade and pouring out of every radio and jukebox. America was a year into the war, and things weren't going well for us: Our young men were dying in the South Pacific, far from sleigh bells, and nobody's days seemed very merry or bright. The overwhelming success of this song, given its instant nostalgia for a simpler world, made total sense. But at the time, no one could have predicted its transfiguration into an American icon; apart from anything else, it was simply another predictable hit for Bing-a couple of months earlier, "Be Careful, It's My Heart" was No. 2; a couple of months later, "Moonlight Becomes You" was No. 1.</p>
<p> Today, 60 years later, "White Christmas" remains a ubiquitous annual presence (think of malls and Muzak), probably the most omnipresent song ever written, and together with Dickens' "A Christmas Carol" and Clement Moore's "A Visit from St. Nicholas" (and shopping), the foundation of our secularized Christmas. Of course, some people still go to midnight mass, listen to (or sing in) Messiah and celebrate the birth of Christ with carols-the religious impulse and the combination of sentiment and consumerism aren't necessarily mutually exclusive. But Scrooge and Santa and Irving and Bing have made it easy for others to experience Christmas without a nod to Christianity.</p>
<p> In his new book, White Christmas , Jody Rosen spends a lot of time on this secularizing of a Christian festival by a Jewish songwriter-and of the general influence that Jewish writers and Hollywood moguls have had over America's cultural consciousness. His thinking is fuzzy (though not as fuzzy as his writing), but he's accurate in this: Berlin and Gershwin and Rodgers and Louis B. Mayer and the brothers Warner preferred to see themselves as Americans rather than as Jews. (Not coincidentally, the most sympathetic 30's Hollywood movie about Jews-and a big hit-was 20th Century Fox's The House of Rothschild , made by Hollywood's only Gentile mogul, Darryl F. Zanuck.)</p>
<p> Mr. Rosen's little book is an oddity, not least because the subject can't really sustain an entire volume on its own, which is why it reads at times like a piece of inflated feature journalism. It also suffers from the author's lack of context. He is, he tells us, a product of the era of "rock and soul and hip-hop," his book "inspired by [his] curiosity about the music"-that is, about the standards that make up the so-called Great American Songbook. In other words, he was starting from scratch. The good side of this is that he approaches Berlin and Crosby and their world with naïve enthusiasm, trotting out well-known facts and stories and legends as if they were real discoveries-which they clearly are to him. He's diligently read his way through the ever-expanding literature on popular music, and he's earnestly tried to sort it all out. As a result, his book, whatever its flaws, isn't cynical-it's a product of sincere infatuation, not calculation.</p>
<p> But Mr. Rosen's lack of context constantly undermines his authority. There's a lot in here about the movies-partly because "White Christmas" first turned up in the Crosby-Astaire picture Holiday Inn . (It's set in Connecticut; Chritsmas could be white.) But Mr. Rosen knows even less about Hollywood than he does about Tin Pan Alley. I'm not talking about careless surface errors, like spelling Aaron Copland "Aaron Copeland"; everybody makes them. But when he refers to Adolph Zukor, who spent his life creating and running Paramount, as head of 20th Century Fox (Zucker was still Paramount's chairman emeritus when he died, at the age of 103, in 1976) or to Samuel Goldwyn as the "head of Paramount's rival studio M-G-M"-this is in 1942, almost 20 years after he set up his independent Samuel Goldwyn Productions-he's revealing fundamental ignorance about his subject.</p>
<p> As for his knowledge of popular music, anyone who cites Johnny Mercer, a great lyricist who tossed off half a dozen or so tunes, as one of "Tin Pan Alley's most celebrated composers" along with Cole Porter and Harold Arlen, is out of his depth. Mr. Rosen is also wrong about there being almost no Depression-era songs that reflect the Depression. And he's wrong about the songs of the classic period speaking "almost exclusively in the voice of the white middle class"-Fats Waller and Andy Razaf and, for that matter, Cole Porter would have been surprised to hear that that's whose voice they were speaking in. It's hard to trust a guide who doesn't know the basic terrain.</p>
<p> Mr. Rosen's writing is terminally over-excited: Berlin "frostily refused permission to reprint his lyrics even to friends working on fawning tributes." And: "Berlin's cranky reputation was well-known, and the legends that swirled around his final years depicted a livid, thin-skinned old man, stalking the gloomy rooms of his East Side mansion: the Hermit of Beekman Place." And: "What the songwriter scarcely realized was that the most significant development in the saga of 'White Christmas' was to take place some months later, in the spring of 1942, back in California." It's his enthusiasm that carries him away; when he settles down, he can come up with interesting material. His account of how "White Christmas" began as a specialty number for a revue, then was held back and modified until Berlin found the ideal time and place and singer for what he knew was a great song, is entertaining in itself, as well as instructive about Berlin's shrewdness. He's right to emphasize that "White Christmas" was a wartime song, yet was "no 'Over There.' It was an 'over here,' a vision of home-front serenity, of the imperiled 'American way of life' that the nation was fighting to defend." And he draws an interesting parallel between the Jewish musicians, from Al Jolson to Harold Arlen, who were the sons of cantors, and "the great church-reared African-American singers-Ray Charles, Aretha Franklin, Sam Cooke, James Brown, to name just the most illustrious-who reinvented sacred gospel music as secular soul and R&amp;B."</p>
<p> In sum, this is not a book the world really needed-it's padded out, notional and factually unsteady-but it means well, and it reflects some of the virtues of its subject: sincerity and a corny and touching simplicity. So let's wish it and its author and its publisher a very merry Christmas. And may all our own Christmases be white.</p>
<p> Robert Gottlieb is the co-editor of Reading Lyrics (Pantheon). </p>
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