"Suspect 2" (Photo: FBI.gov)

The Federal Bureau of Investigation held a press briefing today in which they released photo and video footage of two individuals suspected of being involved in Monday's deadly bombing of the Boston Marathon.

"Today we are enlisting the public's help to identify the two suspects," F.B.I. Special Agent Richard DesLauriers said at the conference.

“After a very detailed analysis of photo, video and other evidence, we are releasing photos of these two suspects. They are identified as 'Suspect 1' and 'Suspect 2.' They appear to be associated."

"Suspect 1" is wearing a black hat with a matching black packpack and "Suspect 2" is wearing a white hat with a matching white backpack. They both are wearing dark hoodies and sneakers and walk by dozens of spectators, one after another.

A collection of photos of both can be viewed on the F.B.I.'s website in greater detail, along with directions to reach out agency with tips should the public have any.

"Somebody out there knows these individuals as friends, neighbors, co-workers, or family members of the suspects," he added. "Though it may be difficult, the nation is counting on those with information to come forward."

Mr. DesLauriers only took a couple questions, urging the media to stay focused only on official photos after a number of embarrassing reports on "possible suspects" have emerged over the last few days. The New York Post splashed the photos of two unconnected individuals on its front pages today, for example.

"For clarity, these images should be the only ones--I emphasize, the only ones--that the public should use to assist us," he explained. "Other photos should not be deemed credible and they unnecessarily divert the public's attention."

Surveillance footage of both suspects can be viewed below:

President Obama talks on the phone with FBI Director Mueller about the bombings. (Official White House Photo by Pete Souza)

Earlier this evening, President Barack Obama addressed the nation about the deadly bombing of the Boston Marathon. And, while extending his condolences, the president urged the American public to avoid jumping to conclusions—terrorism, unmentioned by Mr. Obama, seemingly being the most obvious—as the devastation is investigated.

"We still do not know who did this or why and people shouldn't jump to conclusions before we have all of the facts," Mr. Obama explained. "But, make no mistake, we will get to the bottom of this. And we will find out who did this. We'll find out why they did this. Any responsible individuals—any responsible groups—will feel the full weight of justice."

Mr. Obama also said that he's mobilizing the federal government to assist local governments respond and investigate the apparent attack, as well as increasing "security around the United States as necessary."

A man is loaded into an ambulance after the explosions. (Photo by Jim Rogash/Getty Images)

"I've directed the full resources of the federal government to help state and local authorities protect our people, increase security around the United States as necessary and investigate what happened," he said.  "I've also spoken with Governor Patrick and Mayor Menino and maid it clear that they will have every single federal resource necessary to care for the victims and counsel the families. And, above all, I made it clear to them that all Americans stand with the people of Boston."

Mr. Obama, sending his sympathies to the victims, further provided a post-partisan message of unity as Boston recovers.

"I've updated leaders of Congress in both parties and we reaffirmed that on days like this, there are no Republicans or Democrats; we are Americans united in concern for our fellow citizens," he said. "Boston is a tough and resilient town; so are its people. I'm supremely confident that Bostonians will pull together, take care of each other and move forward as one proud city. And, as they do, the American people will be with them."

A man is loaded into an ambulance after he was injured by one of two bombs exploded during the 117th Boston Marathon near Copley Square on April 15, 2013 in Boston, Massachusetts. (Getty Images)

The Boston Marathon was interrupted this afternoon by multiple large explosions, killing at least two attendees and injuring dozens more, according to the Boston Police Department.

The New York Post is reporting that as many as a dozen have been killed, with fifty injured, but other outlets are currently more conservative in their estimates.

The three blasts, which took place near the marathon's finish line, occurred about four hours after the start of the men’s race, according to The New York Times. The Associated Press reported that additional explosive devices were found near the event and are being dismantled.

"There were two bombs that exploded near the finish line in today's Boston Marathon," the organizing body behind the race said today on their Facebook page. Runners and spectators have been redirected from the blast area as law enforcement officials secured the scene.

Initial accounts described the devastation as extremely serious. "It was huge. There had to be people killed. There had to be," a witness told the  The Boston Globe. Another said there was "blood everywhere."

Massachusetts Governor Deval Patrick issued a statement earlier today, urging people to stay away from the area.

“This is a horrific day in Boston. My thoughts and prayers are with those who have been injured. I have been in touch with the President, Mayor Menino and our public safety leaders," he said.

"Our focus is on making sure that the area around Copley Square is safe and secured. I am asking everyone to stay away from Copley Square and let the first responders do their jobs."

Steven Saurbier, who saw the explosion's aftermath from his window, described a grisly scene to The Observer.

"It shook my building, we're about 100 yards down the street. I figured it was a cannon, or some giant confetti blast, or something planned for the Marathon. Then a second blast went off--much larger--and it rattled the whole building," he said.

"There was a large cloud of white smoke and people were running from the blast site. Police swarmed immediately, they removed one or two people after patting them down. There were a lot of injured people ... I estimate 20 people were medically transported. ... I saw a woman being carried by two men and I am almost positive her left leg was blown off at the knee."

Mr. Saurbier further said it wasn't clear what had caused the initial explosion, but there was a "black crater" left on the sidewalk.

“The blast was on the sidewalk outside of a restaurant. It looks like there is a black crater about a meter radius,” he continued. “There was no fire, no black smoke.”

A man is loaded into an ambulance after he was injured by one of two bombs exploded during the 117th Boston Marathon near Copley Square on April 15, 2013 in Boston, Massachusetts. (Getty Images)

Photographs of police and other emergency personnel on the scene have already begun appearing on Twitter, organized by the hashtag #BostonMarathon.

This post will be updated as additional news arrives.

BOOM BOOM TERRORISM! (Jest.com)

While "that's good and all" that the name Xscape comes from the girls' desire to be unique and original (or something), it would be much better, in the boys' opinion, if they could "make it a little more exciting."

"Yeah, like throw in that whole terrorist thing, and maybe add some machine guns!" Mr. Ryan exclaimed.
Adds Timberlake: "Yeah, and explosions! Fiery explosions are really cool! BOOM! BOOM!"

Woo-buddy. We don't know who wants this clip buried more: Disney, Timberlake, Gosling, or the women of Xscape, who are probably just trying to live out normal lives at this point.

Securing the subways. (Getty)

The Fire Department’s promotional exams may be the most challenging civil service tests in the city. The guys who take them certainly think so. “The fire exam is definitely the toughest there is, ten times harder than cops or anything else,” Captain Joe Loftus told The Observer recently.

In the past few years, a cottage industry has sprung up to help firefighters study for the exams that allow them to rise through the ranks. Capt. Loftus and a group of his colleagues were at the forefront three years ago when they launched LtQuestions.com, a simple Wordpress site that offers fellow firefighters sample tests—16 for only $96.

Unfortunately, LtQuestions.com and similar sites meant to help firefighters better serve the city also appear to be imperiling it at the same time.

Ah, the Internet. It makes life easier, it makes life harder. Like this, hate that. Share baby photos, kiddie porn, revolutionary Tweets, fatwas, bomb plans. All from the convenience of a keyboard.

Convenience is key in our frenetic modern lives, and the same goes for New York’s Bravest. These sites were created to help firefighters study for the various departmental exams that can make or break a career in the department. Along with an officer’s guide and testimonials, the site provides free downloads of the hundreds of books and other relevant study materials.

Since LtQuestions.com appeared, imitators, each with a different study system, have sprung up, as well. All feature a trove of FDNY documents, some 3,000 pages in total, long available at firehouses around the city. Stacked up, the books reach past a stout fireman’s bellybutton—worse than any grad student’s workload.

While these sites are condoned by the Fire Department as useful study aides, all of them publish a number of sensitive documents that would be invaluable not only to would-be brass but also to anyone with the desire to do the city or its residents harm, from a terrorist cell to a disgruntled citizen. Among the documents the site makes available to anyone with an Internet connection are detailed plans and schematics for highly sensitive parts of the city’s infrastructure, the subway system, the airports, the electrical grid, and the sewer and gas systems, to name a few. There is an irony, perhaps, in the fact that such detailed intelligence enables an attacker to strike not only at innocent civilians but also the first responders rushing in to save them.

The Fire Department insists the materials are harmless, and that much of it has been available in various forms for decades. “I’ve asked around, and nobody seems to think there is anything very serious in there,” said FDNY spokesman Frank Gribbons.

But a number of current and former fire, counter-terrorism and city sources with whom The Observer shared the documents expressed concerns that in the wrong hands, they could pose a threat to the city’s infrastructure.

“How much of a threat is it?” asked Professor Joseph King, a counter-terrorism expert at John Jay College. “I think if someone wanted to blow up a subway tunnel, know exactly the longest route, the worst spot, they could find this and use it. Would it give them access to the tunnel? Would it show them the secondary route so they could get everyone who goes in after them, and blow them up, too? I think it could.”

As the information age continues to jostle with the post-9/11 mindset, as frivolous cartoons and videos lead to riots around the world, as planes are grounded and shoes removed because of nonexistent bomb scares, just how cautious should the city be? What is the right balance between access and anxiety?

Study buddies.

Capt. Loftus knows his site and others may be throwing off the grading curve. “I bet there are some guys out there now who are screwed because of us, because they have to work harder now, but that’s good for the city, don’t you think?” noted Captain Joseph Loftus, the creator of LtQuestions.com. He was speaking by phone from his home on Long Island. His daughter could be heard giggling in the background.

LtQuestions.com began improbably enough. Like most firefighters, Capt. Loftus was working with a group of study buddies, preparing for the upcoming exam. He and four other guys would regularly get together, each firefighter responsible for crafting 30 questions for the group. While studying for the captain’s test, Capt. Loftus’ wife, who is Swiss, fell ill. She moved back to Switzerland for a time to receive medical care, and Capt. Loftus and the kids went with her.

“I could barely think about the test, it was so scary, but my buddies, they would still send me the questions over email,” Capt. Loftus said. “When I got back, I realized, even with everything that was going on, I was pretty well prepared. I said, ‘You know guys, I think we’re onto something.’”

Every year, thousands of firefighters compete for a couple hundred spots within the upper ranks of the  New York City Fire Department. They spend months, even years, studying to move from lieutenant to captain, from captain to battalion chief, from battalion chief to battalion commander to deputy division chief to division chief, and so on. “If you’d studied to become deputy chief, you could have been a doctor,” Capt. Loftus said. “That’s eight years of your life right there spent studying in the library.

“I was thinking the Fire Department was one of those family jobs, but if you want to move up the ranks, you can throw that out the window,” he added. “That’s the idea with our site, you can do it at 11 at night from the comfort of your own home.”

The Observer took one of the sample tests and scored a 60 out of 100—not half bad for a first-timer, but we never would have made rank (never mind passing the physical exam). Each week during the study season, a new set of questions appears, written by the site’s administrators, a mix of captains and lieutenants with one battalion chief. The service functions a bit like a virtual study group, even pitting participants against one another, just like on the real exam, where only the top scorers move up.

“Thank you and ALL the LtQ team for your dedication to your students,” reads one testimonial on the site. “LtQ each week let me know where I stood against my competition and how much I’ve learned. More importantly, how much i had to step it up at certain times.” Another: “Thank you all again, from the bottom of my heart, awesome job!!!”

Over the years, there have been a number of brick and mortar civil service academies in the city, most notably the Delehanty Institute, which trained thousands of students a year from the 1920s through the 1980s. More recently, FireTech, with four locations in firefighter-friendly precincts (Howard Beach, Rockland, Beth Page, Staten Island), has become the go-to trainer. But their courses cost hundreds of dollars a 13-class session.

The online route seems to be growing in popularity, though. LtQuestions.com has graduated 700 users, and since the site launched, at least two others have appeared with varying approaches and prices.

“But ours is still the most popular,” Capt. Loftus said.

The Buckeye Pipeline in Queens. Seems safe enough. (Wikimedia Commons)

One thing all these sites have in common is a reliance on the FDNY manuals.

Like LtQuestions.com, FireTestTaking.com has a revolving bank of questions, sort of virtual flashcards, which cost $24.95 a month, or $150 for the year. Randomized tests of 10, 15, 25, 50 or 100 questions are available. As on LtQuestions.com, a log-in is required only to access the tests themselves, not the documents behind them, and anyone can sign up for a log-in.

Fire C.A.P.T.A.I.N. NYC is arguably the most advanced. Short for Computer Aided Promotional Tools with Advanced Integrated Networking, the ice-blue, Tron-like site provides access to a special program designed by two tech-savvy firemen, captains Vincent Moore and Alan Macleod. Among the options the program offers is “multicolor highlighting, in-line notes, ‘hot buttons’ (user-defined highlighted keywords).” There are also the standard practice tests with progress tracking and an online chat function.

“I hate studying!” Mr. Macleod wrote in an article Fire Engineering magazine in March, explaining his inspiration for the site. “It’s the reason I’m not an astronaut.”

A new web-based app for mobile users just launched.

The vast majority of information contained on these sites is mundane. They all deal with some aspect of the job, from the routine (“EV18 Hoist Portable Ladder to the Roof,” “Haz-Mat 7 Decontamination Procedures”) to the obscure (“AUC 207a12 Airtrain System,” "306 'Fire Cap' Children's Assistance Program").

Still, plenty of sensitive material is available. For instance, the sites publish access plans and rescue procedures for the subway tunnels running under the East River. There are maps of gas pipes, including those serving JFK Airport. Remember the Buckeye Pipeline, which a group of would-be terrorists tried to attack in 2007? It’s there, along with maps of the Con Edison facilities at Hunter’s Point, also served by a gas line.All a click away, without even a credit card or a background check.

Capt. Loftus said his team notified the Fire Department before starting his site. Capt. Macleod told The Observer he had not directly reached out, but people knew about it. No one at FireTestTaking.com could be reached.

So how threatening is this material? “It’s out there,” Captain Macleod said. “You think we’re handing it over to them in an easier fashion? I don’t really think so. Maybe we could insist on some proof that you’re a firefighter.”

Professor King had a simple solution. “Really, all these guys need to do is put it behind a paywall,” he said. “Maybe they could require these guys’ FDNY PINs, make sure they work for the department.”

Capt. Loftus, while appreciating the gravity of the situation, chuckled at the idea.

“Behind a paywall?” he said. “What’s that gonna do, the guy can still get it. I’ve got $96 from a terrorist, though. I’d feel terrible for that. Honestly, that never crossed my mind. We just thought of the access, because you know, the books are all over the place. Any guy could go buy the books. You want the books, to buy them, you don’t have to show an ID to buy them. It’s like a hundred bucks.”

“You know, the way I look at things, where there’s a will, there’s a way.”

Peter Romaniuk, a fellow at the Center on Global Terrorism Cooperation and a professor at John Jay stressed the difficult balancing act faced by governments in this day and age. "Generally in this field, people acknowledge it's impossible to reduce this vulnerability to zero," he said. "That would impose constraints on a society that a democracy wouldn't want to tolerate. The trick becomes managing the risk, and certainly the record in terms of attacks is quite good in the post-9/11 period."

This is the position of the Fire Department. Mr. Gribbons, the FDNY spokesman, recalled the days when people used to photocopy the materials to save on them. He also noted that the department has shared its study materials with other departments. The message was, this information is everywhere, it is out there, not just online. If someone wants it, they can get it.

Not that any of this poses any real threat in the eyes of the department. “These books, as far as I know, there’s nothing top-secret in them,” he said.

That said, when The Observer contacted Mr. Gribbons a second time to see if anything had been done, he said attorneys were asking the sites to remove the materials (which, after all, belong to the city). A day later, though, the information was still online. To borrow the phrase, is this a case of familiarity breeding complacency?

“It’s a trade-off,” Professor King said. “You want your firefighters to know this stuff, but that also means the information is out there for other people to use.”

Correction: An earlier version of this article stated that with a 60 out of 100 on a sample test, The Observer would have been lucky to have made the rank of sergeant. There is no such rank in the Fire Department. We regret the error.

During a news conference today, a question was lobbed towards Mayor Bloomberg about the report. He answered that it was impossible to truly know how many plots they'd actually stopped. Canny! Also, funny, because a city website pointed to by ProPublica lists fourteen of them.

But Paul Browne—the Deputy Commissioner for the New York City Police Department (better known as police chief Ray Kelly's spokesman)—wasn't going to take the fairly reputable, well-documented, and pretty technical reporting of ProPublica lying down. And not by going to them and refuting their piece with a quote, but by delivering some words to the comments section.

Oh yes:

The NYPD never said it stopped 14 terrorist plots. We’ve repeatedly said that New York City was the target of at least 14 terrorist plots since 9/11 because it is a fact. Critics want others to believe that terrorists who failed were not threats. If you believe that, we have a bridge to sell you – one that al-Qaeda hoped to destroy.

That's too bad. We were hoping to buy back the Queensboro, scrub Ed Koch's name off of it, and rename it after 59th Street. But seriously folks, here's an NYPD site with 14 terrorist plots on it, here's the mayor saying it, and here's the fact that Browne waited to deliver a technical response until he could get in under the radar:

The NYPD did not respond to requests for comment on the list of 14 alleged plots and how it was assembled.

That said, Browne certainly has the Commenter Voice down fairly well: Acerbic unfunniness laced with a god complex underlined by the belief that people other than bloggers and other commenters actually read comments and hold what they have to say in any regard. Might be time for him to sign up for a Gawker account!

fkamer@observer.com | @weareyourfek

And during that review, he somehow managed to note the Occupy movement as terrorists.

Apparently, some guy started giving Bill a hard time leaving The Theatre. Usually, people get harassed at the theatre because they didn't turn off their cell phone. We have no proof Bill O'Reilly didn't turn off his cell phone. We also have no proof that he did.

Anyway, the money quote:

"This Occupy Wall Street movement is now very coordinated and they are terrorists. They are trying to create trouble, that’s what terrorists do.”

Now, some people might take umbrage with this definition—like Occupy Wall Street and civil rights advocates—who'd argue that they're using their first amendment to practice free speech, who could then—based on O'Reilly's logic—reasonably equivocate blowing up buildings with free speech.

But that wouldn't make sense, because Occupy Wall Street hasn't killed anyone.

They have, however, had more cayenne pepper sprayed in their face than two weeks worth of pretty decent tamales. They also did not sink the global economy. So they've got that going for them.

Want to see? Of course you do.

Here. His ditty starts at about 1:34:

http://youtu.be/spE6yBn0xzo

More importantly, perhaps, is the fact that Bill O'Reilly saw Jesus Christ Superstar.

This musical:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5AIRBpW1drE

On Broadway.

Bill O'Reilly hates Jesus.

[Via ANIMAL NY]

fkamer@observer.com | @weareyourfek

Super soldier? (Daily News)

Most New Yorkers are used to their super doing some shady business, like moving furniture or drugs on the side. Who can blame the guy, what he's getting paid, and so long as he fixes your sink and looks out for packages, who cares? Well, what if your super was running arms for Hezbollah?

That is the case leveled against Patrick Nayyar, an Indian native living in Queens who is the super of his Flushing building. According to the Post, a jury yesterday found Mr. Nayyar guilty of attempting to provide material support to terrorists.

Nayyar, an illegal alien from India, was busted in 2009 after getting caught in an FBI sting operation. The feds said Nayyar and an accomplice sold an informant a handgun, a box of hollow-point bullets and a truck they believed would be used to transport missiles. They also allegedly conspired to sell the informant more guns, ammo and vehicles.

Mr. Nayyar now faces up to 75 years in prison.

When he was arrested in 2009, Mr. Nayyar was celebrated by the Daily News for helping his tenants fight off a crazy cabbie two years earlier. Yet this does not appear to be a case of religious extremism or stupidity but simply greed, according to prosecutors.

So he was just hustlin' for Hezbollah, not fighting for them.

mchaban [at] observer.com | @MC_NYC

One of Dorff's more provocative close-ups.

Brake is both the title of a new thriller that will leave you breathless, and the one thing you’ll be yelling for to survive it. Directed at break-neck speed by Gabe Torres, it’s a movie so original and terrifying that to even attempt to tell you what it’s about would ruin the fun of discovering it for yourself. Suffice it to say, you will not be bored.

The star is Stephen Dorff, an unpredictable and always interesting actor who eschews the big bucks and easy fame of mainstream movies to devote his career to more challenging and transformative roles in quirky, low-budget independents—68 of them so far—ranging from good (Public Enemies) to bad (Sofia Coppola’s Somewhere) to downright unspeakable (Cecil B. Demented). He prefers risks to even bets, and he has proved himself fearless. (Don’t forget, he once played drag queen Candy Darling in I Shot Andy Warhol.) In Brake, he comes closest to leading-man status as he is likely to get, and the crackerjack results are well worth the 90-minute investment.

Waking in the darkness of a claustrophobic box, he seems to have been buried alive. His name is Jeremy, but he doesn’t know where he is or how he got there. You automatically think Ryan Reynolds in Buried, but this movie has a long way to go and the goose bumps are just beginning. Suddenly, from a walkie-talkie in the pitch blackness, he hears the voice of another man pleading, “Get me outta here,” trapped in the same situation, fearing for the safety of his wife and children, who are apparently being held hostage by a gang of terrorists. Then the sound of an engine starting, and his body starts knocking from side to side. Yes, of course. He’s locked in the trunk of a moving car! The other voice that becomes his only companion belongs to a member of the State Department, and apparently the driver of the car thinks Mr. Dorff is a secret agent too. “We know who you are, Agent Reins. Tell us what we want to know.  Where is the location of Roulette?” When his mood switches from bewilderment to rage, the driver releases into the darkness a hive of bees, knowing he’s allergic to the stings! The psychological and physical torture is just beginning.

In the course of 90 minutes, with the help of the voice on the other phone line, the pieces of the mystery are gradually revealed. Roulette is the name of a secret underground bunker built to house the president, vice president and national security advisers in the event of a national disaster. “We know who you are! We know who you work for!” chimes the chilling voice of the terrorist behind the steering wheel. Indeed Jeremy does turn out to be a special agent with the U.S. Secret Service who refuses to divulge the location even when his own wife is taken hostage while he’s warning her on a cell phone. And obviously the world outside the vehicle is in the middle of some kind of hostile attack. According to his government superiors, his friends and the special 911 operator who is trying to rescue him, Washington is in the midst of explosions and car bombings detonating at key locations like CIA headquarters, Reagan International Airport and Andrews Air Base. There are political undertones to sharpen the guesswork, but they’re unimportant compared with the exciting way the plot mechanics are worked out, bit by bit, without computer-generated effects. The script by Timothy Mannion switches gears so often it keeps you tossing like a sailboat in a typhoon.

Except for an occasional face glimpsed through broken windshields or the glass pipe that pumps unbearable horrors into the rear trunk, Mr. Dorff is the only actor on the screen for at least 80 minutes of the time. He is not the most important element in the film. He is the film. When the car plunges underwater and he is finally pulled from the wreckage only seconds before drowning, everyone he knows surrounds him. He’s safe at last. But the nightmare is far from over. Nobody is who they appear to be, and there’s a final chapter that will make you scream. It is amazing how much hair-raising action and fluid movement this film captures in the confined interior of a car trunk, or how many mood shifts Mr. Dorff conveys in a performance that can only be called multi-dimensional. From the red herrings around each turn in the road to the identities of the terrorists at the end, Brake is a film that never pauses to catch its breath. In retrospect, it’s preposterous. But while you’re gasping for air, it’s one hell of a thrill ride, like being stuck on a malfunctioning roller coaster for an hour and a half at top speed, and unable to get off.

rreed@observer.com

BRAKE

Running Time 92 minutes

Written by Timothy Mannion

Directed by Gabe Torres

Starring Stephen Dorff, Chyler Leigh and JR Bourne

3/4

The commissioner’s appearance in the film, it seems to us, should have been a nonissue. Public figures are interviewed for stories—whether on film or in print—all the time. They are not responsible for the content of a story or a film. Makers of The Third Jihad have been accused of fomenting hatred against the city’s Muslim community, but Mr. Kelly certainly did not and does not endorse that view. (For the record, the filmmakers deny that they tarred all Muslims with the same brush. The film’s narrator is a devout Muslim.)

More problematic was the department’s decision to screen the film and its controversial assertions to more than 1,000 police officers. Relations between the NYPD and the city’s Muslims have been tense, especially in light of assertions that the department has engaged in aggressive surveillance of the community. Several Muslim clerics boycotted an event with Mayor Bloomberg weeks ago to protest the NYPD’s surveillance policies.

Mr. Bloomberg rightly pointed out that Commissioner Kelly has engaged in tireless personal outreach with many Islamic leaders in the city. The commissioner knows that engagement and trust are critical at such a moment. He has done that job well.

Screening a controversial film like The Third Jihad for police officers may have been an error of judgment, but not one that demands resignations or reprimands. The fact is, New York and the United States are targets for a global terrorist movement that embraces a violent distortion of Islam. New York knows all too well what this movement can do.

Information in this war is critical. But so is dialogue and tolerance, on both sides.